Wednesday, 30 March 2011

Don't do what you're told. It never gets you anywhere.

Obedience or the lack of it is something we come across each and every day whether it comes in the form of commands, directions, orders or instructions. In order to be odedient the obeyer must be convinced that the person giving the orders is doing so legitimately otherwise it is not obedience. Obedience is when one follows orders voluntarily.

Adolf Eichmann was executed in 1962 following his trial in 1961 for his role in the Holocaust. He was the constructor of the transportation, the collection and the execution of those to be killed including Jews, gypsies, communists and trade unionists. At his trial in 1961 he was surprised that Jews, gypsies, communists and trade unionists hated him. He said that he had simply followed orders. In his journal written whilst in custody Eichmann wrote “The orders were, for me, the highest thing in my life and I had to obey them without question”.

Eichmann was declared sane by six different psychologists; he had a normal upbringing along with a normal family life, his colleagues and friends described as “a mentally average man”. This begs the question that we all could do this; something deep down inside of us if put in a similar situation would follow orders and obey them.

After the World War II, psychologists such as Stanley Milgram set out to test whether Germans were different. But he found that we are all very obedient to people in authority. In one of the very famous tests that Milgram did in psychology, one in particular demonstrated that most people would give weak and helpless victims electric shocks which could kill them when ordered to.

Like I said - doing what you're told never gets you very far. 

Saturday, 19 March 2011

Liars

Liars; they are very good at what they do! Evidence shows that most people learn to lie from the age of 3 - firstly it is to avoid getting into trouble then by the time they are 5 years old they are professionals and do it to avoid punishment. However they must learn to lie from somewhere; they learn to lie from their parents - mainly to protect another's feelings. However a lot of us are selfish when it comes to lying; lying to protect ourselves - well we are all experts at that but when it come to lying to protect someone else, well that is slightly more of a challenge.

On the other hand adults lie too - we mainly lie so we can impress someone or change their opinion of us as a person or professional. Despite the fact that we lie to others; we also lie to ourselves, whether it be how much we have had to eat that day or whether our jeans still fit us. It has also been proved that some of us are wired up differently - meaning that those who are wired differently honestly struggle to differ between a lie and the truth. Tests showed that the people who were considered pathological liars (those who struggle to differ between the truth and a lie) had a more significant amount of white matter than those with normal wiring.

As much as I am sure you would love to think you are an expert liar, chances are you are not; some people are better liars than others. Everyone has lied at some stage in their lives. According to a recent study extroverts lie more than introverts however the reason behind this is unknown.

There are also the type of people that lie to protect others; these people are far more likely to lie to loved ones because it is easier to lie to someone close to you than someone more distant. People will believe a lie from someone close to them rather than dig for the truth because they do not want to discover the consequences of the truth. However there are also those people that lie to themselves but deep down they know it is not the truth and chances are are that they are destroying themselves from within; they do this mainly to protect themselves and loved ones from the reality of the situation.